Structural design and mechanical performance of composite vascular grafts

Abstract This study reviews the state of art in structural design and corresponding mechanical behaviours composite vascular grafts. We critically analyse surface matrix designs composed layered, embedded, hybrid structures along radial longitudinal directions; materials manufacturing techniques, such as tissue engineering use textiles or their combinations; grafts terms physical–mechanical properties, especially stress–strain relationships elastic recovery. The role computational studies is discussed with respect to optimizing geometrics satisfy specialized applications, those for aorta its subparts. Natural synthetic endothelial yield improvements biological compliance graft surfaces host arteries. Moreover, diameter, wall thickness, stiffness, compliance, tensile strength, elasticity, burst strength are determined depending on application patient. For grafts, architectures recommended featuring multiple layers, dimensions, achieve desired optimal flexibility function complying user-specific requirements. Rapidly emerging artificial intelligence big data techniques diagnostics three-dimensional (3D) will likely highly compliant, subject-specific, long-lasting, economical near-future. Graphic abstract